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Cybersecurity

A collection of 4 issues

NAT as a Security Measure: Safeguarding Home Office Users for Two Decades

Since the widespread adoption of DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) internet in the early 2000s, Network Address Translation (NAT) has played a pivotal role in securing home office networks. NAT, often implemented in consumer-grade routers, has become an unsung hero in protecting home users from a wide range of cyber threats.

Windows Firewall traffic audit

Windows Firewall is a Windows built-in security feature that helps protect your system by filtering incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined rules. While the firewall does a great job of blocking unwanted traffic, there are times when you need to dig deeper. For instance, you might want to: * Verify

Firewall bypass: Encapsulating traffic inside UDP

On our last post about UDP hole-punching we learned how we could use UDP traffic to exploit the stateful nature of firewalls, thus bypassing blocks for incoming connections. That was a fun exercise, but of limited use in the real world. On this post we’re going to turn it

Firewall and NAT bypass: UDP hole punching

This post was originally published in 2018 Intro UDP hole punching is a widely documented firewall bypass technique. It doesn’t exploit any bugs or flaws, it does exploit UDP’s sessionless nature and firewalls’ stateful nature. The technique relies on the fact that in a UDP conversation there is